The impact of electric overhead radiant heating on the indoor environment of historic churches     

Lucyna Samek  Anna De Maeyer-Worobiec  Zoya Spolnik  Lszl Bencs  Velichka Kontozova  &#x;ukasz Bratasz  Roman Koz&#x;owski  Ren Van Grieken 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2007,8(4):361-369

The impact of electric overhead radiant heaters on the microclimate, air flows, transport and deposition of suspended particulate matter (SPM) was monitored between March 2004 and March 2005 in the historic churches of Saint Michael Archangel in Szalowa and Saint Catherine in Cracow (Poland). The measurements show that although irradiation at the floor level increases temperature and reduces relative humidity in the interior of the church, the effect out of the heated zone and for the surfaces sheltered from irradiation is very limited, i.e. their extent is comparable with natural fluctuations inherent to the local climate of the church. The radiant heaters proved to generate little convectional flow of the air. Therefore, the heating system was not found to increase the concentration of SPM indoors; in particular, no re-suspension of particles already present in the church was observed. This work has demonstrated that the overhead radiant heaters are capable of providing localised heat to the areas where people congregate without adversely affecting painted walls and the works of arts displayed in churches. Care, however, should be taken that sensitive works of art are not exposed to the direct infrared radiation.  相似文献   

Introduction letter     

Erik De Graaff acting Editor-In-Chief 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2008,33(1)

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Practical training and internships in engineering education: Educational goals and assessment     

Otto Rompelman  Jan De Vries 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2002,27(2):173-180

In many engineering curricula a period of practical training in industry is either compulsory or advised. Often the educational goals of such a period are defined as 'learning to put knowledge and skills into practice'. The assessment is usually based on a technical report of the activities during the period. In this paper, how the definition of educational objectives led to the introduction of practical training is discussed. These objectives are acquiring insight in the engineering profession, learning to 'survive' in a different culture and learning to apply as well as broadening technical knowledge and skills. Furthermore, an assessment procedure is introduced which allows for testing whether the students have met the objectives.  相似文献   

体育多种评价方法的比较研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

黄明教  杨德芳  陈志强 《武汉体育学院学报》2001,35(2):114-116

运用相关系数的归一化、标准百分的类比和多类多级判别分析的理论方法，分析于娟推铅球的专项素质对专项成绩影响的重要性大小排序，其排序的评价结果较一致。对这3种方法作为评价手段进行相互比较，相关系数的归一化评价方法较其它2种评价方法合理。  相似文献   

Exploring the Causal Effect of Interpretation Bias on Attachment Expectations          下载免费PDF全文

Simon De Winter  Elske Salemink 《Child development》2017,88(1):131-140

Attachment theory implies that children's inclination to interpret attachment figures behavior as supportive and available causally influences children's trust in their attachment figure's availability. An experiment was conducted to test whether training children (8–12 years old) to interpret ambiguous interactions with their mothers in a more secure way increases their trust in their mother's availability. Participants (N = 49) were randomly assigned to either a secure condition to train children to interpret their mother's behavior as supportive or a neutral placebo condition, where interpretations were unrelated to maternal support. Results supported the hypothesis: After the secure training, children interpreted maternal behavior more securely and trusted more in her availability. This suggests that attachment‐related processing biases causally affect attachment expectations.  相似文献   

Organisational communication and its relationships with job satisfaction and organisational commitment of primary school staff in Western Australia     

John De Nobile 《教育心理学》2017,37(3):380-398

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between aspects of organisational communication and dimensions of job satisfaction and general organisational commitment. Participants were 358 staff members from 35 government primary schools in the state of Western Australia, who completed a survey comprising the Organisational Communication in Primary Schools Questionnaire, the Teacher Job Satisfaction Questionnaire and a five item general organisational commitment scale. Factor analyses established 13 aspects of job satisfaction and 9 dimensions of job satisfaction. Multiple regression analyses were used to investigate interrelationships. The findings suggest several aspects of organisational communication were related to job satisfaction and organisational commitment. This article concludes with implications for future research with regard to communication and for the maintenance of optimal levels of job satisfaction and commitment in schools.  相似文献   

Ahead of the pack? Explaining the unequal distribution of scholarships in Germany     

Christina Haas  Herman Van De Werfhorst 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2017,38(5):705-720

This article investigates to what extent scholarships are unequally distributed among students in Germany and how these inequalities can be explained. Following sociological theory, the article argues that elites seek qualitative ways of distinguishing themselves in a mass higher education system. Using student surveys, we demonstrate that class effects cannot merely be explained with reference to class differences in academic achievement but that higher classes have better access to scholarships independent of earlier school performance. Class differences were particularly persistent when the intermediate classes were compared with higher classes with more education. These findings illustrate that social classes have different strategies when it comes to participating in higher education and suggest that information about and access to scholarships is important in gaining a class advantage.  相似文献   

Identifying and addressing themes of job dissatisfaction for secondary principals     

David De Jong  Trent Grundmeyer  Julie Yankey 《School Leadership & Management》2017,37(4):354-371

Secondary principals serve in important roles that are complex, high-stress, and include demanding job responsibilities. Key stakeholders such as superintendents, school board members, and legislators must understand the challenges facing secondary principals in order to address the current themes of job dissatisfaction. Using new survey data compiled from 176 secondary principals across a state in the Midwest United States, this study shows four themes of job dissatisfaction are plaguing secondary principals: high job demands with unreasonable expectations, managing difficult stakeholders, problematic work/life balance, and lack of support. This study concludes with practical suggestions to address each theme of job dissatisfaction.  相似文献   

中国区域经济与环境协调度预测分析   总被引：64，自引：0，他引：64  

张晓东朱德海 《资源科学》2003,25(2):1-6

经济发展与环境之间的关系已经成为全世界特别是发展中国家关心的问题，但有关的定量研究比较缺乏。该文首先解释了经济与环境协调度基本概念与模型内涵，并介绍了灰色系统在贫信息系统中进行预测的基本原理。通过灰色系统GM(1,1)模型对90年代我国省级区域的经济与环境协调度进行了计算，经过检验，模型模拟精度较高。因此运用此模型对2005年与2010年的区域协调度进行了预测。结果表明，我国大部分地区的经济与环境关系基本处于调和状态，即经济的增长是以牺牲环境为代价的。未来10a的协调度空间分布仍然呈现“U”型特征。处于转折点附近的省区协调度波动比较大，包括广大的中部地区。尽量减少波动并尽快实现协调度的转折是这些地区在经济发展过程中要注意的问题；西部大部分地区如果继续沿用90年代的发展策略，对经济发展政策和手段不作宏观的调控，在西部开发过程中出现的环境问题将会越来越严重。  相似文献   

大鼠帕金森氏病动物模型的建立   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郑杰胜  郑树森  詹仁雅  周永庆  许德华  张家兴 《科技通报》2001,17(6):80-83

采用SD大鼠30只，25只为试验组，5只为对照组。在三维立体定向仪上用微量注射器将6－OHDA32μg分两点注射入右侧纹状体，每周检测动物的旋转行为，第1周动物没有出现旋转行为，第2周动物出现明显的旋转行为，随后缓慢上升；至术后5周才升至较高的水平并保持平稳。其中有15只动物达到或超过了7r/min这一通常采用的标准，模型成功率达60％。酪氨酸羟化酶免疫组化显示：术后第1周至第5周右侧黑质TH免疫反应细胞逐渐砬少，各个时期的右侧黑质TH免疫反应细胞较对侧明显减少。采用此方法建立的大鼠帕金森氏病模型更加符合临床PD病人的病程进展并明显提高成功率。  相似文献